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Web Technology and Multimedia

URLs, HTTP and the request-response cycle

  • 3 things to know
  • AS Unit 2

Overview

Main parts of a URL, purpose of the path and file name in a URL and query string.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Name the main parts of a URL.

Key term

Distinguish between the GET and POST methods.

Key term

Describe what happens between a user pressing Enter on a web address and the page appearing.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What does a Uniform Resource Locator do?

    Model answer

    A Uniform Resource Locator gives the complete address of a resource on the web, stating which protocol to use, which computer holds the resource and where on that computer the resource is stored.

  2. 2

    Name the main parts of a URL.

    Model answer

    A URL contains the protocol or scheme, the domain name of the host, an optional path of folders, the file name of the resource and, where needed, a query string of extra values.

  3. 3

    What does the first part of a URL, before the colon and slashes, specify?

    Model answer

    The first part of a URL names the protocol the browser must use to fetch the resource, so that the browser knows which rules of exchange to follow and which port to contact.

  4. 4

    What is the purpose of the path and file name in a URL?

    Model answer

    The path and file name identify the particular document within the folder structure on the host, so the server knows which of the many files it stores has been asked for.

  5. 5

    What is a query string, and how is it recognised in a URL?

    Model answer

    A query string is a list of name and value pairs passed to the server as input, and it appears after a question mark at the end of the URL with ampersands separating the pairs.

  6. 6

    Define the term Hypertext Transfer Protocol.

    Model answer

    The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is the set of rules governing how a browser asks a web server for a resource and how the server replies, defining the format of the request, the response and the accompanying status information.

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