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Web Technology and Multimedia

Security over the internet: encryption, HTTPS and certificates

  • 3 things to know
  • AS Unit 2

Overview

What encryption does to data, symmetric encryption and main steps of a secure connection handshake.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Explain what is meant by a public key and a private key.

Key term

What does the Secure Sockets Layer provide?

Process

Describe the main steps of a secure connection handshake.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Why is encryption needed for data sent over the internet?

    Model answer

    Data crosses many networks owned by other organisations on its way to a destination, and anyone able to observe one of those links could read the contents unless the data has been made unintelligible first.

  2. 2

    Explain what encryption does to data.

    Model answer

    Encryption applies an algorithm and a key to readable data so that the output is unintelligible, and only a party holding the matching key can reverse the process to recover the original.

  3. 3

    What is symmetric encryption?

    Model answer

    Symmetric encryption uses the same secret key to encrypt and to decrypt. The method is fast, but both parties must somehow share that one key without anyone else obtaining it.

  4. 4

    Explain what is meant by a public key and a private key.

    Model answer

    A public key and a private key are a mathematically linked pair belonging to one party, where the public key is published for anyone to use and the private key is kept secret, and what one key of the pair performs only the other can undo.

  5. 5

    How does a sender use public key encryption to send a message only the recipient can read?

    Model answer

    The sender encrypts the message with the recipient's published key, and because only the matching secret key held by the recipient can reverse that operation, an interceptor with the published key still cannot read the message.

  6. 6

    What is HTTPS?

    Model answer

    HTTPS is the secure form of web communication, in which the ordinary request and response exchange is carried inside an encrypted connection rather than sent as readable text.

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