Who was George Whitefield?

An English revivalist who toured the colonies preaching in the open air to enormous crowds, and became the best known figure of the revival.

Why did the revival weaken respect for established authority?

It told ordinary people they could judge a minister for themselves, and congregations split between those who welcomed the preachers and those who thought them dangerous.

What was the Enlightenment?

A movement of ideas holding that reason, observation and education, rather than tradition or authority, should explain the world.

Why did colonial newspapers multiply so quickly?

Printing was cheap, literacy was unusually high, and merchants and townspeople wanted news of prices, shipping and politics.

Edexcel GCSE History 1HI0

Anglo-Saxon and Norman England, c1060–88British depth

Topic overview Anglo-Saxon government, economy and society The last years of Edward the Confessor and the succession crisis The rival claimants for the throne The Norman invasion, 1060–66 Establishing control, 1066–87 Anglo-Saxon resistance, 1068–71 The legacy of resistance to 1087 Revolt of the Earls, 1075 The feudal system and the Church Norman government, 1066–88 The Norman aristocracy, 1066–88 William I and the succession

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Topic overview Henry VIII, Renaissance Prince The rise of Wolsey and his policies Wolsey’s foreign policy, 1509–29 Wolsey, Catherine, the succession and annulment Cromwell’s rise to power, 1529–34 The king’s marriages, 1529–40 Cromwell and government, 1534–40 The fall of Cromwell The break with Rome Opposition to, and impact of, Reformation, 1534–40 The dissolution of the monasteries The Pilgrimage of Grace, 1536

London and the Second World War, 1939–45Paper 1 option

Topic overview London at the outbreak of the Second World War The nature of attacks on London The impact of the Blitz on civilian life London’s response to the war Britain and the Second World War: the wider context Sources for a London Blitz enquiry

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Topic overview The Civil War, 1945–49 Communist rule, 1945–59 Consolidating the CCP’s hold on power, 1951–52 The Hundred Flowers campaign, 1956–57 Early changes in agriculture, 1949–57 Industry and the Five-Year Plan, 1953–57 The Great Leap Forward Economic reform, 1962–65 Reasons for the Cultural Revolution The Red Guards and the Red Terror The effects of the Cultural Revolution The end of the Cultural Revolution, 1968–76 Communist control, 1949–76 Family life and the role of women Education and health, 1949–76 Cultural change, 1949–76

Medicine in Britain, c1250–presentPaper 1 option

Topic overview Factors driving change in medicine, c1250–present Ideas about the cause of disease and illness, c1250–c1500 Approaches to prevention and treatment, c1250–c1500 Case study: the Black Death, 1348–49 Ideas about the cause of disease and illness, c1500–c1700 Approaches to prevention and treatment, c1500–c1700 Case studies: William Harvey and the Great Plague of 1665 Ideas about the cause of disease and illness, c1700–c1900 Approaches to prevention and treatment, c1700–c1900 Case studies: Jenner’s vaccination and the 1854 cholera outbreak Ideas about the cause of disease and illness, c1900–present Approaches to prevention and treatment, c1900–present Case studies: penicillin and the fight against lung cancer

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Topic overview Factors driving change in migration to Britain, c800–present The context for migration, c800–c1500 The experience and impact of migrants, c800–c1500 Case study: York under the Vikings The context for migration, c1500–c1700 The experience and impact of migrants, c1500–c1700 Case studies: Flemish and Walloon migrants, and the Huguenots The context for migration, c1700–c1900 The experience and impact of migrants, c1700–c1900 Case studies: Liverpool, and Jewish migrants in the East End The context for migration, c1900–present The experience and impact of migrants, c1900–present Case studies: Bristol, and Asian migrants in Leicester

Notting Hill, c1948–c1970Paper 1 option

Topic overview The local context of Notting Hill The influence of Caribbean cultures on the area Racism and policing Black activism in the Notting Hill area Migration, race relations and the national context Sources for a Notting Hill enquiry

Russia and the Soviet Union, 1917–41Modern depth

Topic overview The growth of opposition to the tsar in early 1917 The February Revolution The Provisional Government The Bolshevik Revolution Early consolidation of power, 1917–18 The Civil War, 1918–21 Moves towards totalitarianism, 1917–24 Economic and social change, 1918–24 The struggle for power, 1924–28 The use of terror in the 1930s Propaganda and censorship, 1924–41 The Cult of Stalin Agriculture and collectivisation, 1924–41 Changes in industry, 1924–41 Life in the Soviet Union The position of women and ethnic minorities

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British America, 1713–83: Empire and Revolution

The impact of cultural developments

3 things to know
Paper 2 booklet P

Overview

The Great Awakening, George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards, how the revival weakened authority, the Enlightenment and education, the spread of newspapers, subscription libraries, and Benjamin Franklin as printer, philanthropist and scientist.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

Which religious, intellectual and print developments shaped colonial culture in the eighteenth century?

Key term

What was the Great Awakening?

Numbers

Who was Jonathan Edwards?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What was the Great Awakening?
Model answer
A sweeping religious revival of the 1730s and 1740s in which preachers called colonists to a personal, emotional conversion.
2
Who was George Whitefield?
Model answer
An English revivalist who toured the colonies preaching in the open air to enormous crowds, and became the best known figure of the revival.
3
Who was Jonathan Edwards?
Model answer
A New England minister whose preaching sparked a revival in Northampton in 1734–35, and whose 1741 sermon 'Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God' became the most famous of the Awakening.
4
Why did the revival weaken respect for established authority?
Model answer
It told ordinary people they could judge a minister for themselves, and congregations split between those who welcomed the preachers and those who thought them dangerous.
5
What was the Enlightenment?
Model answer
A movement of ideas holding that reason, observation and education, rather than tradition or authority, should explain the world.
6
Why did colonial newspapers multiply so quickly?
Model answer
Printing was cheap, literacy was unusually high, and merchants and townspeople wanted news of prices, shipping and politics.

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Anglo-Saxon and Norman England, c1060–88

British America, 1713–83: Empire and Revolution

Conflict in the Middle East, 1945–95

Crime and Punishment in Britain, c1000–present

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AThe huge loss of life left England short of workers.

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