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Notting Hill, c1948–c1970

Black activism in the Notting Hill area

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

Claudia Jones and the West Indian Gazette, the first Caribbean Carnival at St Pancras Town Hall in 1959 and its growth into the Notting Hill Carnival, Frank Crichlow and the Mangrove, the police raids on it, the British Black Panthers, and the Mangrove Nine and their acquittal.

What you need to know

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Which people and organisations led Black activism and community life in Notting Hill from 1959?

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Who were the 'Mangrove Nine'?

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Who was Claudia Jones?

Questions from this subtopic

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  1. 1

    Who was Claudia Jones?

    Model answer

    A Trinidad-born communist and campaigner, deported from the United States in 1955, who became a leading figure in Black politics in Britain.

  2. 2

    What was the West Indian Gazette?

    Model answer

    The paper Claudia Jones founded in 1958, the first major Black newspaper in Britain, reporting migrants' lives and campaigning against racism.

  3. 3

    Where and when was the first Caribbean Carnival held?

    Model answer

    Indoors at St Pancras Town Hall in January 1959, organised by Claudia Jones.

  4. 4

    How did the carnival become a street event in Notting Hill?

    Model answer

    A local street fayre begun in 1966 by Rhaune Laslett was joined by steel bands and grew into a Caribbean procession through the streets.

  5. 5

    What has the Notting Hill Carnival grown into?

    Model answer

    One of the largest street carnivals in the world, held every August in the district where the community settled.

  6. 6

    Who was Frank Crichlow?

    Model answer

    A Trinidadian businessman who opened the Mangrove Restaurant in All Saints Road in 1968.

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