levo

The Reigns of King Richard I and King John, 1189–1216

The nature of crusading

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 2 booklet B

Overview

What a crusade was, the indulgence and protections of taking the cross, preaching and the Saladin tithe, resentment at home, who went east, how a knight paid, why men went and who travelled unarmed.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started
Key term

How was enthusiasm for the Third Crusade raised in England?

Numbers

What was the Saladin tithe?

Key term

Who made up the English force that went on the Third Crusade?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What was a crusade?

    Model answer

    A war authorised by the pope and preached as an armed pilgrimage to recover or defend the holy places, whose fighters swore a vow and wore a cross on their clothing.

  2. 2

    What spiritual reward was promised to a man who took the cross?

    Model answer

    An indulgence remitting the penance due for his confessed sins, so that a crusader who died on the journey was believed to go straight to Heaven.

  3. 3

    What practical protections came with taking the cross?

    Model answer

    His lands and family were placed under the Church’s protection while he was away, and interest on his debts was suspended.

  4. 4

    How was enthusiasm for the crusade raised in England?

    Model answer

    Bishops and preachers toured the country with sermons after the loss of Jerusalem, urging men in church to take the cross, and money was gathered by a special tax.

  5. 5

    What was the Saladin tithe?

    Model answer

    A tax of a tenth on income and moveable goods, levied in 1188 to pay for the coming expedition to the Holy Land.

  6. 6

    Why did some people in England resent the crusade?

    Model answer

    It cost them heavy taxes, took the king and many lords out of the kingdom for years, and left the country to be governed by ministers.

Other ways to work this

The same content, four other ways.

What is inside Levo

Six ways to work the same material.

1Closed book
2Open book
3Closed book

See a huge jump in your memorisation

Answer cold, learn it, then prove it stuck. Levo tracks the jump between your first attempt and your last.

Anglo-Saxon and Norman England, c1060–88
British America, 1713–83: Empire and Revolution
Conflict in the Middle East, 1945–95
Crime and Punishment in Britain, c1000–present

Cram a whole paper in one sitting

Sort every topic into what you know and what you do not, then drill only the weak ones.

£6.6 , fixed in 1921.
billionmillionthousand

Blank Blitz consolidates the facts

Rapid timed gap-fills on the terms and numbers you need to recall without thinking.

AThe huge loss of life left England short of workers.
BForeign craftsmen and labourers were wanted.
CCompetition for work also bred resentment.

Build It trains answer structure

Assemble a full-mark answer from its marking points, in the order an examiner wants them.

Strategy means the plan for a whole campaign.
TrueFalse

Test It catches misconceptions

Spot the fault in a statement. The traps are the mistakes students actually make.

721941163128510

Brain Breaks between sessions

Short focus games to reset attention, so the next set lands better than the last.

Every question in The Reigns of King Richard I and King John, 1189–1216, on a schedule.

Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.

Or £46 a year, about £3.83 a month. Cancel anytime.