Key term
Edexcel GCSE History 1HI0
Anglo-Saxon and Norman England, c1060–88British depth
Topic overviewAnglo-Saxon government, economy and societyThe last years of Edward the Confessor and the succession crisisThe rival claimants for the throneThe Norman invasion, 1060–66Establishing control, 1066–87Anglo-Saxon resistance, 1068–71The legacy of resistance to 1087Revolt of the Earls, 1075The feudal system and the ChurchNorman government, 1066–88The Norman aristocracy, 1066–88William I and the succession
British America, 1713–83: Empire and RevolutionPeriod study
Topic overviewDevelopments in colonial societySlavery in North AmericaProblems within the coloniesThe impact of cultural developmentsWar in the coloniesThe aftermath of the French and Indian warAmerican colonist relations with Britain: growing opposition, 1765-75The War of Independence 1775-83Consequences of the war in America
Conflict in the Middle East, 1945–95Period study
Crime and Punishment in Britain, c1000–presentPaper 1 option
Topic overviewFactors driving change in crime and punishment, c1000–presentNature and changing definitions of criminal activity, c1000–c1500The nature of law enforcement and punishment, c1000–c1500Case study: the Church, sanctuary and trial by ordealNature and changing definitions of criminal activity, c1500–c1700The nature of law enforcement and punishment, c1500–c1700Case studies: the Gunpowder Plot and Matthew HopkinsNature and changing definitions of criminal activity, c1700–c1900The nature of law enforcement and punishment, c1700–c1900Case studies: Pentonville prison and Robert PeelNature and changing definitions of criminal activity, c1900–presentThe nature of law enforcement and punishment, c1900–presentCase studies: conscientious objectors and Derek Bentley
Early Elizabethan England, 1558–88British depth
Topic overviewThe situation on Elizabeth’s accessionThe ‘settlement’ of religionChallenge to the religious settlementThe problem of Mary, Queen of ScotsPlots and revolts at homeRelations with Spain, 1569–88Outbreak of war with Spain, 1585–88The Armada, 1588Education and leisure, 1558–88The ‘problem’ of the poorExploration and voyages of discoveryAttempted colonisation of Virginia
Henry VIII and His Ministers, 1509–40British depth
Topic overviewHenry VIII, Renaissance PrinceThe rise of Wolsey and his policiesWolsey’s foreign policy, 1509–29Wolsey, Catherine, the succession and annulmentCromwell’s rise to power, 1529–34The king’s marriages, 1529–40Cromwell and government, 1534–40The fall of CromwellThe break with RomeOpposition to, and impact of, Reformation, 1534–40The dissolution of the monasteriesThe Pilgrimage of Grace, 1536
London and the Second World War, 1939–45Paper 1 option
Mao’s China, 1945–76Modern depth
Topic overviewThe Civil War, 1945–49Communist rule, 1945–59Consolidating the CCP’s hold on power, 1951–52The Hundred Flowers campaign, 1956–57Early changes in agriculture, 1949–57Industry and the Five-Year Plan, 1953–57The Great Leap ForwardEconomic reform, 1962–65Reasons for the Cultural RevolutionThe Red Guards and the Red TerrorThe effects of the Cultural RevolutionThe end of the Cultural Revolution, 1968–76Communist control, 1949–76Family life and the role of womenEducation and health, 1949–76Cultural change, 1949–76
Medicine in Britain, c1250–presentPaper 1 option
Topic overviewFactors driving change in medicine, c1250–presentIdeas about the cause of disease and illness, c1250–c1500Approaches to prevention and treatment, c1250–c1500Case study: the Black Death, 1348–49Ideas about the cause of disease and illness, c1500–c1700Approaches to prevention and treatment, c1500–c1700Case studies: William Harvey and the Great Plague of 1665Ideas about the cause of disease and illness, c1700–c1900Approaches to prevention and treatment, c1700–c1900Case studies: Jenner’s vaccination and the 1854 cholera outbreakIdeas about the cause of disease and illness, c1900–presentApproaches to prevention and treatment, c1900–presentCase studies: penicillin and the fight against lung cancer
Migrants in Britain, c800–presentPaper 1 option
Topic overviewFactors driving change in migration to Britain, c800–presentThe context for migration, c800–c1500The experience and impact of migrants, c800–c1500Case study: York under the VikingsThe context for migration, c1500–c1700The experience and impact of migrants, c1500–c1700Case studies: Flemish and Walloon migrants, and the HuguenotsThe context for migration, c1700–c1900The experience and impact of migrants, c1700–c1900Case studies: Liverpool, and Jewish migrants in the East EndThe context for migration, c1900–presentThe experience and impact of migrants, c1900–presentCase studies: Bristol, and Asian migrants in Leicester
Notting Hill, c1948–c1970Paper 1 option
Russia and the Soviet Union, 1917–41Modern depth
Topic overviewThe growth of opposition to the tsar in early 1917The February RevolutionThe Provisional GovernmentThe Bolshevik RevolutionEarly consolidation of power, 1917–18The Civil War, 1918–21Moves towards totalitarianism, 1917–24Economic and social change, 1918–24The struggle for power, 1924–28The use of terror in the 1930sPropaganda and censorship, 1924–41The Cult of StalinAgriculture and collectivisation, 1924–41Changes in industry, 1924–41Life in the Soviet UnionThe position of women and ethnic minorities
Spain and the ‘New World’, c1490–c1555Period study
Superpower Relations and the Cold War, 1941–91Period study
Topic overviewEarly tension between East and WestThe development of the Cold WarThe Cold War intensifiesIncreased tension between East and WestCold War crises, 1958–70Reaction to crisis, 1958–70Attempts to reduce superpower tensions in the 1970sThe end of détente and the ‘Second Cold War’The collapse of Soviet control of Eastern Europe, 1985-91
The American West, c1835–c1895Period study
Topic overviewIndigenous peoples of the Plains: their beliefs and ways of lifeMigration and early settlementConflict and tension, c1835–c1862The development of settlement in the WestRanching and the cattle industryChanges in the ways of life of Indigenous peoples of the PlainsChanges in farming, the cattle industry and settlementConflict and tension, c1876–c1895Indigenous peoples of the Plains: the destruction of their ways of life
The British Sector of the Western Front, 1914–18: Injuries, Treatment and the TrenchesPaper 1 option
Topic overviewThe British sector of the Western Front and the trench systemConditions requiring medical treatment on the Western FrontMedical treatment on the Western FrontExperiments in surgery and medicine on the Western FrontMedicine in the early twentieth centurySources for a Western Front enquiry
The Reigns of King Richard I and King John, 1189–1216British depth
Topic overviewThe feudal system, 1189–1216Kingship and succession, 1189–1216Royal government and financesEnglish society, 1189–1216The nature of crusadingRichard and the Third CrusadeAftermath of the crusadeRichard, John and the loss of NormandyThe dispute with the PapacyWorsening relations with the baronsMagna Carta and the First Barons’ WarEngland in 1216
The USA, 1954–75: Conflict at Home and AbroadModern depth
Topic overviewThe position of Black Americans in the early 1950sDevelopments in education, 1954–60The Montgomery Bus Boycott and its impact, 1955–60Opposition to the civil rights movementDevelopments, 1960–62Peaceful protests and their impact, 1963–65Malcolm X and Black Power, 1963–70The civil rights movement, 1965–75Reasons for US involvement in the conflict in Vietnam, 1954–63Escalation of the conflict under JohnsonThe nature of the conflict in Vietnam, 1964–68Changes under Nixon, 1969–73Opposition to the warSupport for the warThe peace process and end of the warReasons for the failure of the USA in Vietnam
Warfare and British Society, c1250–presentPaper 1 option
Topic overviewFactors driving change in warfare, c1250–presentThe nature of warfare, c1250–c1500The experience of war, c1250–c1500Case studies: the battles of Falkirk and AgincourtThe nature of warfare, c1500–c1700The experience of war, c1500–c1700Case study: the Battle of Naseby, 1645The nature of warfare, c1700–c1900The experience of war, c1700–c1900Case studies: the battles of Waterloo and BalaclavaThe nature of warfare, c1900–presentThe experience of war, c1900–presentCase studies: the Somme and the Iraq War
Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918–39Modern depth
Topic overviewThe origins of the Republic, 1918–19The early challenges to the Weimar Republic, 1919–23The ‘Golden Years’: recovery of the Republic, 1924–29Changes in society, 1924–29Early development of the Nazi Party, 1920–22The Munich Putsch and the Nazi Party, 1923–28The growth in support for the Nazis, 1929–32How Hitler became Chancellor, 1932–33The creation of a dictatorship, 1933–34The police state, 1933–39Controlling and influencing attitudesOpposition, resistance and conformityNazi policies towards womenNazi policies towards the youngEmployment and living standardsThe persecution of minorities
Whitechapel, c1870–c1900: Crime, Policing and the Inner CityPaper 1 option
Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918–39
- 16 subtopics
- 45 things to know
- Paper 3
- Paper 3, one modern depth study of four
What Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918–39 covers
Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918–39 is examined in Paper 3, Modern depth study. It covers the origins of the Republic, 1918–19, the early challenges to the Weimar Republic, 1919–23, the ‘Golden Years’: recovery of the Republic, 1924–29, changes in society, 1924–29, early development of the Nazi Party, 1920–22, the Munich Putsch and the Nazi Party, 1923–28, the growth in support for the Nazis, 1929–32, how Hitler became Chancellor, 1932–33, the creation of a dictatorship, 1933–34, the police state, 1933–39, controlling and influencing attitudes, opposition, resistance and conformity, Nazi policies towards women, Nazi policies towards the young, employment and living standards and the persecution of minorities.
Where it is assessed
Paper 3
Modern depth study, 30% of the GCSE, one option of four.
Check the Pearson Edexcel specification ↗The 16 subtopics
Each one has its own page.
- The origins of the Republic, 1918–19The Kiel mutiny, the Kaiser's abdication, Ebert, the armistice and the November Criminals, why the assembly met at Weimar, who could vote, proportional representation and its weakness, Article 48, and the Reichstag and Reichsrat.Open →
- The early challenges to the Weimar Republic, 1919–23The stab in the back, reparations, military limits, the war guilt clause, lost land, the Diktat, the Spartacists and the Freikorps, the Kapp Putsch and the general strike, the Ruhr occupation and hyperinflation.Open →
- The ‘Golden Years’: recovery of the Republic, 1924–29Stresemann's offices, the end of the Ruhr strike, the Rentenmark and Reichsmark, the Dawes and Young Plans, the danger of American loans, Locarno, the League of Nations, the Kellogg-Briand Pact and the Nobel Prize.Open →
- Changes in society, 1924–29Rising wages and the unemployment insurance law of 1927, farmers left behind, new housing, women's political rights and work, the new woman and objections to her, the Bauhaus, New Objectivity with Grosz and Dix, and Fritz Lang's Metropolis.Open →
- Early development of the Nazi Party, 1920–22Hitler's war, the German Workers' Party and Drexler, the renaming of 1920, Hitler as Führer, the Twenty-Five Point Programme on Versailles, citizenship and socialism, and the SA and its work.Open →
- The Munich Putsch and the Nazi Party, 1923–28Why Hitler struck in 1923, the beer hall and Ludendorff, the failed march, the trial and Landsberg, Mein Kampf, the ban, the lesson of the ballot box, the 1928 result, Bamberg and the rebuilt party.Open →
- The growth in support for the Nazis, 1929–32The Wall Street Crash, unemployment to six million, Brüning's cuts, the rise of the Communists and the fear it caused, Hitler's promises to each group, Goebbels' propaganda and the SA's marches and street fighting.Open →
- How Hitler became Chancellor, 1932–33The presidential election of 1932, the July and November Reichstag results, Hindenburg's refusal, von Papen and von Schleicher as Chancellors, the bargain of January 1933 and why von Papen thought Hitler could be controlled.Open →
- The creation of a dictatorship, 1933–34The Reichstag fire, the decree against communists, the Enabling Act and how it passed, the end of unions and parties, Röhm and the SA, the Night of the Long Knives and the Führer's oath.Open →
- The police state, 1933–39The Gestapo and Himmler's control of the police, denunciations by ordinary Germans, the SS and who could join it, the Death's Head units, who was sent to concentration camps and conditions there, Nazi control of the courts and the People's Court of 1934.Open →
- Controlling and influencing attitudesGoebbels's Ministry of Propaganda, control of newspapers, the People's Receiver, the Nuremberg Rally, the Berlin Olympics and Jesse Owens, the book burnings of 1933, approved and degenerate art, Speer's architecture, cinema and Riefenstahl, the Concordat and its breaking, and the Reich Church.Open →
- Opposition, resistance and conformityWhy many Germans backed the regime, evidence of grumbling, why support is hard to judge, outward conformity, Niemöller and the Confessing Church, Catholic protest, the Edelweiss Pirates and the Swing Youth.Open →
- Nazi policies towards womenThe Nazi ideal of woman as wife and mother, the three Ks, the birth rate, women judged unfit, marriage loans of 1933, the Mother's Cross, dismissals from the professions, limits on girls' education, expected appearance and behaviour, and the return of women to work after 1937.Open →
- Nazi policies towards the youngWhat the Nazis wanted children to become, the stages of the youth movement, Hitler Youth activities, the League of German Maidens, compulsory membership in 1939, growing resentment, the treatment of teachers, rewritten textbooks, physical education and biology, and girls' domestic lessons.Open →
- Employment and living standardsThe National Labour Service, the autobahns, rearmament and conscription, invisible unemployment and who was left out of the figures, the Labour Front, Strength Through Joy, the People's Car scheme, Beauty of Labour and whether workers were really better off.Open →
- The persecution of minoritiesThe Aryan master race, Untermenschen, the Slavs, Roma and Sinti, homosexual men, the Sterilisation Law and propaganda against the disabled, the boycott of April 1933, Jewish dismissals, the Nuremberg Laws and Kristallnacht.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
How did currency reform, the Dawes Plan and the Locarno treaties help the Republic recover after 1924?
Numbers
Who wrote the Twenty-Five Point Programme, and what did it say about citizenship and socialism?
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How did the elections of 1932 and von Papen's bargain bring Hitler to the Chancellorship in January 1933?
Who and when
Who were the Edelweiss Pirates and what did they do?
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What was the outcome of Kristallnacht?
Numbers
How much did Germany have to pay in reparations, and when was that figure decided?
Numbers
What happened to workers' wages in the second half of the 1920s?
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Why did Hitler think 1923 was his moment to seize power?
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What event in October 1929 pushed Germany into economic collapse?
Who and when
Who was blamed for the Reichstag fire, and what became of him?
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What was the Gestapo and what power did it have?
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What post did Joseph Goebbels hold from 1933, and what did it cover?
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What place did the Nazis believe a woman should occupy?
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What did the Nazis want German children to become?
Numbers
How did rearmament cut the unemployment figures?
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Which naval mutiny in the autumn of 1918 set off unrest across Germany?
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What limits were set on Germany's armed forces and on the Rhineland?
Who and when
What did Stresemann do about the strike in the Ruhr, and why?
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Which large group did not share in the prosperity of 1924–29?
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Why did Hitler attend a meeting of the German Workers' Party in 1919, and who led it?
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How did the Munich Putsch end on 9 November 1923?
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How did Chancellor Brüning make the slump worse?
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Who won the presidential election of 1932, and by how much?
Who and when
What did the Enabling Act of March 1933 allow Hitler to do?
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Who was allowed to join the SS?
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How were newspapers brought under control in Nazi Germany?
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What reasons did many Germans have to back the regime by the late 1930s?
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What were the three Ks the Nazis set out for women?
Process
What stages did a boy pass through in the Nazi youth movement?
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What is meant by invisible unemployment?
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What word did the Nazis use for peoples they judged worthless?
Who and when
What did Kaiser Wilhelm II do on 9 November 1918?
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What did Article 231 make Germany accept?
Numbers
What was the Rentenmark and why did people trust it?
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What was done about the shortage of homes in Weimar Germany?
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What was the party renamed in 1920?
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What is Mein Kampf and what ideas does it set out?
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Why did the Communist Party gain support after 1929?
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What did Hitler gain from losing the presidential election?
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How did the Nazis get the Enabling Act through?
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Who was sent to concentration camps during the 1930s?
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What was the Nuremberg Rally and what was it designed to achieve?
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What evidence is there that support for the Nazi regime was less solid than it looked?
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How were women who did not fit the Nazi ideal regarded?
Take Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918–39 further
The same content, four other ways.
Commonly confused
Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.
Rentenmark vs Reichsmark
Rentenmark: the temporary currency of November 1923 backed by German land and industrial goods. Reichsmark: the 1924 currency issued by an independent national bank under Allied supervision.
Dawes Plan vs Young Plan
Dawes Plan: the 1924 reset of reparations to a manageable level with an American loan. Young Plan: the 1929 cut of the reparations bill by two thirds with payment until 1988.
Spartacist rising vs Kapp Putsch
Spartacist rising: the January 1919 communist revolt in Berlin crushed by the Freikorps. Kapp Putsch: the March 1920 Freikorps march on Berlin defeated by a general strike.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Which naval mutiny in the autumn of 1918 set off unrest across Germany?
Model answer
The mutiny of sailors at Kiel, who refused orders to put to sea against the British fleet.
- 2
What did Kaiser Wilhelm II do on 9 November 1918?
Model answer
He gave up his throne and fled to the Netherlands, ending imperial rule in Germany.
- 3
Who took charge of Germany as its first republican leader in November 1918?
Model answer
Friedrich Ebert, the leader of the Social Democratic Party.
- 4
What was signed on 11 November 1918 and what did it do?
Model answer
The armistice, which stopped the fighting in the First World War.
- 5
Why were the politicians who agreed to stop the fighting called the November Criminals?
Model answer
Because nationalists believed they had betrayed a country whose army was still unbeaten in the field.
- 6
Why did the assembly that wrote the new constitution meet in the town of Weimar?
Model answer
Berlin was too violent and unstable in early 1919 for the deputies to meet there safely.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918–39 revision questions
- What does Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918–39 cover in Edexcel GCSE History?
- 16 subtopics: the origins of the republic, 1918–19, the early challenges to the weimar republic, 1919–23, the ‘golden years’: recovery of the republic, 1924–29, changes in society, 1924–29, early development of the nazi party, 1920–22, the munich putsch and the nazi party, 1923–28, the growth in support for the nazis, 1929–32, how hitler became chancellor, 1932–33, the creation of a dictatorship, 1933–34, the police state, 1933–39, controlling and influencing attitudes, opposition, resistance and conformity, nazi policies towards women, nazi policies towards the young, employment and living standards and the persecution of minorities. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918–39 organised?
- By the Edexcel 1HI0 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918–39, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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