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Migrants in Britain, c800–present

The context for migration, c800–c1500

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

Vikings turning from raiding to settling, Normans and their followers, Jewish families invited by William I, foreign merchants and the Hanseatic League, Flemish weavers, land after 1066, towns, wool, moneylending and Christendom.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Numbers

Why did Vikings settle in England, and who came with and after the Norman Conquest of 1066?

Key term

Which foreign merchants and craft workers came to medieval England, and what did they bring?

Key term

What drew Vikings to settle in England rather than only raid it?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    When did Viking activity in England change from raiding to settlement?

    Model answer

    Raids began in the late eighth century, and from the 860s Viking armies stayed to conquer and farm land in the north and east.

  2. 2

    What drew Vikings to settle in England rather than only raid it?

    Model answer

    Good farmland, established trading towns and the wealth of English markets and monasteries.

  3. 3

    Where was Viking settlement in England concentrated?

    Model answer

    In the north and east, especially Yorkshire and East Anglia.

  4. 4

    Who were the Normans, and when did they arrive in England in numbers?

    Model answer

    Descendants of Vikings who had settled in northern France, they came after William of Normandy’s conquest in 1066.

  5. 5

    Which groups came to England alongside the Norman conquerors?

    Model answer

    Norman lords, knights and churchmen, followed by merchants and craftsmen from Normandy and Flanders.

  6. 6

    Who first encouraged Jewish families to settle in England, and when?

    Model answer

    William I, who invited Jewish families from Rouen in Normandy to come after 1066.

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AThe huge loss of life left England short of workers.
BForeign craftsmen and labourers were wanted.
CCompetition for work also bred resentment.

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