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Notting Hill, c1948–c1970

Migration, race relations and the national context

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

Post-war housing and labour shortages, recruitment in the Caribbean, British subject status, the 1962 Commonwealth Immigrants Act, the Race Relations Acts, the Swinging Sixties, London poverty and the sus law.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Numbers

What national developments formed the background to life in Notting Hill in the 1950s and 1960s?

Key term

What state was Britain's housing in after the Second World War?

Key term

Why did Britain need workers from overseas in the late 1940s and 1950s?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What state was Britain's housing in after the Second World War?

    Model answer

    Bombing had destroyed or damaged hundreds of thousands of homes, leaving a shortage that took years of rebuilding to meet.

  2. 2

    Why did Britain need workers from overseas in the late 1940s and 1950s?

    Model answer

    Rebuilding, expanding industry and the new welfare state created more jobs, especially poorly paid ones, than there were people to fill them.

  3. 3

    Which British employers recruited directly in the Caribbean?

    Model answer

    London Transport, which recruited in Barbados, together with hospitals of the new National Health Service and the railways.

  4. 4

    What connection gave Caribbean people the right to come to Britain?

    Model answer

    Their islands were British colonies within the Empire and Commonwealth, so the people of those islands were British subjects.

  5. 5

    What did the Commonwealth Immigrants Act of 1962 change?

    Model answer

    It ended free entry by requiring most Commonwealth migrants to hold a work voucher, and prompted a rush to arrive before it took effect.

  6. 6

    What did the Race Relations Acts of 1965 and 1968 outlaw?

    Model answer

    Racial discrimination in public places from 1965, extended in 1968 to housing, employment and services.

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AThe huge loss of life left England short of workers.
BForeign craftsmen and labourers were wanted.
CCompetition for work also bred resentment.

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