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Migrants in Britain, c800–present

The context for migration, c1500–c1700

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

Flemish, Walloon and Huguenot refugees, stranger congregations, religion as a reason for coming after the Reformation, where Europeans settled, Africans in Tudor England and the slave trade, the return of Jewish people in the 1650s, the middling sort, the cloth industry and New Draperies, the great trading companies, privateering and Protestant England as a refuge.

What you need to know

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Key term

Which Protestant refugees came to England from the Low Countries?

Key term

Why did the revolt against Spanish rule in the Low Countries send people to England?

Key term

What word did English towns use for the licensed refugee congregations?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Which Protestant refugees came to England from the Low Countries?

    Model answer

    Flemish and Walloon Protestants, fleeing Spanish rule and religious persecution.

  2. 2

    What name was given to French Protestant refugees?

    Model answer

    Huguenots.

  3. 3

    Why did the revolt against Spanish rule in the Low Countries send people to England?

    Model answer

    Spanish armies persecuted Protestants there, so thousands of families crossed the Channel to south-east England for safety.

  4. 4

    What word did English towns use for the licensed refugee congregations?

    Model answer

    ‘Strangers’, communities permitted to settle and to worship in their own language and churches.

  5. 5

    How did the reasons for coming to England change after the Reformation?

    Model answer

    Religion became a leading reason, as Protestants fled Catholic rulers, while trade and skilled work continued to draw others as before.

  6. 6

    Where did European migrants settle in this period?

    Model answer

    In London and in the towns of the south-east and east, such as Sandwich, Canterbury, Norwich and Colchester.

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AThe huge loss of life left England short of workers.
BForeign craftsmen and labourers were wanted.
CCompetition for work also bred resentment.

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