How did the railroads speed up the destruction of the herds?

They carried hunters and their heavy rifles onto the Plains and hides away to market, and passengers shot animals from the carriage windows for sport.

Why did army officers welcome the killing of the buffalo?

Destroying the herds destroyed the food supply that made independent life possible, so the nations would have to come in to the reservations to be fed.

How much power did a reservation agent hold?

He controlled the rations, decided who might leave the reservation and how land was used, and some agents stole or sold the supplies meant for the people.

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The American West, c1835–c1895

Indigenous peoples of the Plains: the destruction of their ways of life

3 things to know
Paper 2 booklet P

Overview

The slaughter of the buffalo and the part played by the railroads and the army, reservation agents and reservation life, the banning of the Sun Dance and other customs, the boarding schools, and the Dawes Act of 1887 and its effects.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

Why did white hunters slaughter buffalo in such numbers from the early 1870s?

Key term

What had become of the buffalo by the mid-1880s?

Key term

Why was reservation life so destructive?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
Why did white hunters slaughter buffalo in such numbers from the early 1870s?
Model answer
A new tanning process turned the hides into cheap leather for machine belts in eastern factories, so a hunter could make a fortune from skins and tongues.
2
How did the railroads speed up the destruction of the herds?
Model answer
They carried hunters and their heavy rifles onto the Plains and hides away to market, and passengers shot animals from the carriage windows for sport.
3
Why did army officers welcome the killing of the buffalo?
Model answer
Destroying the herds destroyed the food supply that made independent life possible, so the nations would have to come in to the reservations to be fed.
4
What had become of the buffalo by the mid-1880s?
Model answer
Herds once counted in tens of millions were reduced to a few hundred scattered animals, and the hunting economy was gone with them.
5
How much power did a reservation agent hold?
Model answer
He controlled the rations, decided who might leave the reservation and how land was used, and some agents stole or sold the supplies meant for the people.
6
Why was reservation life so destructive?
Model answer
The land was usually too poor to farm and hunting was forbidden, so families lived on inadequate rations while hunger, disease and despair spread.

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AThe huge loss of life left England short of workers.

BForeign craftsmen and labourers were wanted.

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