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Conflict in the Middle East, 1945–95

Aftermath of the 1948–49 war

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 2 booklet P

Overview

How much land Israel held in 1949, Gaza and the West Bank, the 700,000 refugees and UNRWA, the Israeli Defence Forces, the Law of Return, American support, Egypt's blockade and the fedayeen.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

How was the land of the former mandate divided in 1949, and what became of the Palestinian Arabs who fled?

Key term

How much of the former mandate did Israel hold once the fighting stopped in 1949?

Key term

Which two areas of Palestine did not fall to Israel in 1949, and who ran them?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    How much of the former mandate did Israel hold once the fighting stopped in 1949?

    Model answer

    About four fifths of it, considerably more land than the United Nations partition plan had offered the Jewish state.

  2. 2

    Which two areas of Palestine did not fall to Israel in 1949, and who ran them?

    Model answer

    Egypt took control of the Gaza Strip and Jordan took the West Bank together with the eastern half of Jerusalem.

  3. 3

    Roughly how many Palestinian Arabs left their homes during the fighting of 1948–49?

    Model answer

    About 700,000, who fled or were driven out and were not allowed back once the armistice lines were drawn.

  4. 4

    Which body was set up in 1949 to look after the Palestinian refugees, and where did they live?

    Model answer

    UNRWA, the United Nations relief agency, which ran camps in Gaza, the West Bank, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria.

  5. 5

    What were the Israeli Defence Forces and who served in them?

    Model answer

    The national army formed in 1948 out of the Haganah and the smaller armed groups, with conscription for young men and women alike.

  6. 6

    What right did the Law of Return give in 1950?

    Model answer

    Any Jewish person anywhere in the world could settle in Israel and become a citizen.

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