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Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918–39

How Hitler became Chancellor, 1932–33

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 3

Overview

The presidential election of 1932, the July and November Reichstag results, Hindenburg's refusal, von Papen and von Schleicher as Chancellors, the bargain of January 1933 and why von Papen thought Hitler could be controlled.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started
Key term

How did the elections of 1932 and von Papen's bargain bring Hitler to the Chancellorship in January 1933?

Key term

Who won the presidential election of 1932, and by how much?

Key term

What did Hitler gain from losing the presidential election?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Who won the presidential election of 1932, and by how much?

    Model answer

    Hindenburg beat Hitler in the second round, taking about 19 million votes to Hitler's 13 million.

  2. 2

    What did Hitler gain from losing the presidential election?

    Model answer

    He had toured the whole country and won the backing of a third of the voters, which showed how far the Nazis had come.

  3. 3

    What was the result of the Reichstag election of July 1932?

    Model answer

    The Nazis took 230 seats and became the largest party, but still had no overall majority.

  4. 4

    Why did Hindenburg refuse to make Hitler Chancellor in the summer of 1932?

    Model answer

    He looked down on Hitler as an uneducated rabble-rouser and would not hand the government to a man demanding total power.

  5. 5

    What happened to the Nazi vote in November 1932?

    Model answer

    It fell and the party dropped from 230 seats to 196, suggesting it had passed its peak.

  6. 6

    Why did the Nazis' decline in November 1932 alarm Hitler?

    Model answer

    Party funds were running out and members were drifting away, so waiting for another election looked increasingly risky.

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