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Crime and Punishment in Britain, c1000–present

The nature of law enforcement and punishment, c1000–c1500

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

Tithings, the hue and cry, the parish constable, the shire reeve and the justice of the peace, retribution and deterrence, the wergild and its abolition after the Conquest, corporal and capital punishment, the stocks and pillory, and why punishments were carried out in public.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What happened if a tithing failed to produce one of its members?

Key term

What was the job of the parish constable?

Key term

What was a justice of the peace?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What was a tithing?

    Model answer

    A group of ten men over the age of twelve who were responsible for each other's behaviour and had to bring an accused member before the court.

  2. 2

    What happened if a tithing failed to produce one of its members?

    Model answer

    Every man in the group had to pay a fine.

  3. 3

    What did raising the hue and cry require of everyone who heard it?

    Model answer

    They had to stop what they were doing and join the chase after the suspect, and the village was fined if nobody did.

  4. 4

    What was the job of the parish constable?

    Model answer

    An unpaid villager chosen for a year who kept order, arrested suspects and delivered them to a court.

  5. 5

    What did the shire reeve do in Anglo-Saxon England?

    Model answer

    He was the king's officer in a shire, responsible for hunting down suspects, holding courts and collecting fines.

  6. 6

    What was a justice of the peace?

    Model answer

    A respected local landowner appointed by the king to keep order in his county and to judge lesser cases.

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