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The Reigns of King Richard I and King John, 1189–1216

The dispute with the Papacy

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 2 booklet B

Overview

The rival elections, Innocent III's choice of Stephen Langton, John's refusal, the seizure of Canterbury, the interdict of 1208 and its effect on daily life, his excommunication in 1209 and the settlement of 1213.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

How did Innocent III settle the rival elections to Canterbury?

Key term

Why did John refuse to accept Langton?

Who and when

What did John do to Canterbury when the quarrel with the Papacy began?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What event in 1205 started the quarrel between John and Rome?

    Model answer

    The death of Archbishop Hubert Walter, after which the monks of Canterbury secretly elected one of their own while John pressed for his servant John de Grey, leaving two rival elections.

  2. 2

    How did Innocent III settle the rival elections?

    Model answer

    He set both aside and had the Canterbury monks in Rome elect Stephen Langton, an English scholar teaching in Paris, whom he consecrated himself in 1207.

  3. 3

    Why did John refuse to accept Langton?

    Model answer

    Langton was not his own man and had long been abroad, and John insisted that no archbishop could be forced on him against the custom by which English kings approved the choice.

  4. 4

    What did John do to Canterbury when the quarrel began?

    Model answer

    He drove the monks out of the country and seized the archbishopric’s lands and revenues for himself.

  5. 5

    What punishment did the pope impose on England in 1208?

    Model answer

    An interdict, which shut the churches of the whole kingdom.

  6. 6

    How did the interdict change everyday life?

    Model answer

    Mass was not said, couples could not be married in church and the dead were buried in unconsecrated ground, though babies could still be baptised and the dying confessed.

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