Edexcel GCSE History 1HI0
Anglo-Saxon and Norman England, c1060–88British depth
British America, 1713–83: Empire and RevolutionPeriod study
Conflict in the Middle East, 1945–95Period study
Crime and Punishment in Britain, c1000–presentPaper 1 option
Early Elizabethan England, 1558–88British depth
Henry VIII and His Ministers, 1509–40British depth
London and the Second World War, 1939–45Paper 1 option
Mao’s China, 1945–76Modern depth
Medicine in Britain, c1250–presentPaper 1 option
Migrants in Britain, c800–presentPaper 1 option
Notting Hill, c1948–c1970Paper 1 option
Russia and the Soviet Union, 1917–41Modern depth
Spain and the ‘New World’, c1490–c1555Period study
Superpower Relations and the Cold War, 1941–91Period study
The American West, c1835–c1895Period study
The British Sector of the Western Front, 1914–18: Injuries, Treatment and the TrenchesPaper 1 option
The Reigns of King Richard I and King John, 1189–1216British depth
The USA, 1954–75: Conflict at Home and AbroadModern depth
Warfare and British Society, c1250–presentPaper 1 option
Weimar and Nazi Germany, 1918–39Modern depth
Whitechapel, c1870–c1900: Crime, Policing and the Inner CityPaper 1 option
The Reigns of King Richard I and King John, 1189–1216
Richard and the Third Crusade
- 3 things to know
- Paper 2 booklet B
Overview
Hattin and the fall of Jerusalem, the rulers who took the cross, Richard's motives, his quarrel with Philip II, Acre and the prisoners, Arsuf, the retreat from Jerusalem and the truce of 1192.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
What disaster of 1187 led to the calling of a new crusade?
Which rulers of western Europe answered the call to the Third Crusade?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What disaster of 1187 led to the calling of a new crusade?
Model answer
Saladin destroyed the army of the kingdom of Jerusalem at Hattin and then captured Jerusalem itself.
- 2
Which rulers of western Europe answered the call?
Model answer
Richard, Philip II of France and the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa all took the cross, though Barbarossa drowned on the way and most of his army turned back.
- 3
Why did Richard go?
Model answer
He had taken the vow before he became king and was genuinely devout, and as a soldier he wanted the glory of recovering the holy city.
- 4
What set Richard and Philip II against each other on the crusade?
Model answer
Quarrels over precedence, plunder and who should be king of Jerusalem, made worse when Richard refused Philip’s sister and married Berengaria of Navarre instead.
- 5
Why was Philip’s departure in 1191 so damaging to Richard?
Model answer
It halved the crusading army, and Philip went home to plot with John against Richard’s lands in France.
- 6
What did Richard achieve at Acre in July 1191?
Model answer
His arrival with siege engines and fresh troops broke a siege that had dragged on for two years, and the city surrendered within weeks.
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