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Russia and the Soviet Union, 1917–41

The February Revolution

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 3

Overview

The strikes of February 1917, the Putilov lockout, the crowds' demands, the Tsar's order to fire, the garrison's mutiny and what followed, Nicholas at Mogilev, his train halted at Pskov and his abdication.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

How did strikes in Petrograd in February 1917 turn into the fall of the Tsar?

Key term

What set off the strikes in Petrograd in February 1917?

Key term

Which huge Petrograd engineering works had already locked out its striking men?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What set off the strikes in Petrograd in February 1917?

    Model answer

    Bread shortages and bitter cold brought women textile workers out on strike, and factory after factory joined them.

  2. 2

    Which huge Petrograd engineering works had already locked out its striking men?

    Model answer

    The Putilov works, whose sacked workers swelled the crowds on the streets.

  3. 3

    What were the Petrograd crowds demanding?

    Model answer

    Bread, an end to the war, and an end to the rule of the Tsar.

  4. 4

    What order did Nicholas II send to the troops in the capital?

    Model answer

    He ordered them to break up the demonstrations by force and restore order.

  5. 5

    Why was the mutiny of the Petrograd garrison the decisive moment?

    Model answer

    Once soldiers refused to fire and turned on their own officers, the government had no force left to control the capital.

  6. 6

    What did the mutinous soldiers and crowds do next?

    Model answer

    They broke open the arsenals and armed themselves, freed prisoners and set up their own soviet, so the city passed out of the government's hands.

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