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Henry VIII and His Ministers, 1509–40

Wolsey’s foreign policy, 1509–29

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 2 booklet B

Overview

Wolsey's aims abroad, the balance between France and the Empire, his hope of the papacy, the Treaty of London, the Field of the Cloth of Gold, Charles V, Pavia and the sack of Rome.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What did Wolsey's foreign policy aim at, and what did the Treaty of London and the Field of Cloth of Gold achieve?

Key term

What did Wolsey want England’s dealings abroad to achieve?

Key term

Why did Wolsey try to hold the balance between France and the Empire?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What did Wolsey want England’s dealings abroad to achieve?

    Model answer

    Glory and prestige for Henry as a leading prince and peacemaker of Europe, without the ruinous cost of long wars.

  2. 2

    Why did Wolsey try to hold the balance between France and the Empire?

    Model answer

    England was far poorer and smaller than either, so it counted for something only while both sides were competing for its friendship.

  3. 3

    What personal ambition shaped Wolsey’s dealings with Rome?

    Model answer

    He hoped to be elected pope, and was a candidate without success in 1521 and again in 1523.

  4. 4

    What was agreed in the Treaty of London in 1518?

    Model answer

    More than twenty European rulers promised not to attack one another and to act together against any state that broke the peace.

  5. 5

    What was the Field of the Cloth of Gold?

    Model answer

    A meeting between Henry VIII and Francis I near Calais in 1520, with golden tents, feasting, jousting and wrestling over more than a fortnight.

  6. 6

    Who was Charles V, and why did his position matter so much to England?

    Model answer

    He was Holy Roman Emperor and king of Spain, and he was Catherine of Aragon’s nephew.

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