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Human Rights: Protection of Rights and Freedoms in the UK

The European Court of Human Rights: composition and application

  • 3 things to know
  • Components 2 and 3

Overview

Four judicial formations of the European Court of Human Rights and pilot judgment.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What happens after the Strasbourg court gives final judgment against a state?

Key term

Where does the European Court of Human Rights sit?

Key term

How many judges sit on the European Court of Human Rights?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Where does the European Court of Human Rights sit?

    Model answer

    The European Court of Human Rights sits in Strasbourg in France. The Court belongs to the Council of Europe and is not an institution of the European Union.

  2. 2

    How many judges sit on the European Court of Human Rights?

    Model answer

    The Court has one judge for each contracting state. Judges sit in an individual capacity and do not represent the state that nominated them.

  3. 3

    How is a judge of the European Court of Human Rights chosen?

    Model answer

    The Parliamentary Assembly elects each judge from a list of three candidates supplied by the state. A judge serves a single term of nine years and cannot be re-elected.

  4. 4

    Name the four judicial formations of the European Court of Human Rights.

    Model answer

    A single judge may reject a plainly inadmissible application and a committee of three may decide a well-established point. A Chamber of seven judges hears most cases and a Grand Chamber of seventeen hears the most important.

  5. 5

    When can a case reach the Grand Chamber?

    Model answer

    A party may request referral to the Grand Chamber within three months of a Chamber judgment. A Chamber may also relinquish a case that raises a serious question about interpreting the Convention.

  6. 6

    Who may bring an application to the European Court of Human Rights?

    Model answer

    Article 34 allows any person, non-governmental organisation or group of individuals claiming to be a victim to apply. Article 33 allows one contracting state to bring a case against another.

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The court sits in .
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A Public Bill changes the general law.
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