What is the history of pacifism in Buddhism?

Pacifism has been part of Buddhism since the Buddha taught non-violence in the fifth century BCE. The Emperor Ashoka renounced war in the third century BCE after conquering Kalinga.

How did Ashoka put Buddhist non-violence into practice?

Ashoka replaced conquest by force with "conquest by Dhamma". Ashoka built hospitals, dug wells and sent out teachers of the Dhamma.

What is passive resistance?

Passive resistance is opposing an unjust ruler or law by non-violent means. Protesters refuse to co-operate but do not use force.

Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies B 1RB0

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Sikhism: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

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Sikhism: Crime and PunishmentPaper 2

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Sikhism: EqualityPaper 3

Topic overview Sikh teaching on human rights Sikh attitudes to equality and solutions to inequality Sikh attitudes to religious freedom and a multi-faith society Sikh attitudes to prejudice and discrimination against religions Sikh teaching on racial harmony and Begampura Sikh responses to racial discrimination Sikh attitudes to social justice and Deg Tegh Fateh Sikh attitudes to wealth and poverty

Buddhism: Peace and Conflict

Buddhist pacifism and passive resistance

3 things to know
Paper 2

Overview

The Five Precepts and the Cunda Kammaraputta Sutta, Ashoka's non-violence, the Burmese monks of 2007 and the upturned alms bowl, Tibetan resistance, Thich Quang Duc's self-immolation, and why some reject strict pacifism.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Why are many Buddhists pacifists?

Key term

How do the Five Precepts support pacifism?

Key term

What does the Cunda Kammaraputta Sutta teach about violence?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
Why are many Buddhists pacifists?
Model answer
Pacifism is the belief that violence and war are always wrong. Many Buddhists hold this view because the First Precept forbids harming any living being.
2
How do the Five Precepts support pacifism?
Model answer
The First Precept forbids killing, and the Fourth forbids the lies that often stir up hatred. The precepts guide a Buddhist away from the harm on which war depends.
3
What does the Cunda Kammaraputta Sutta teach about violence?
Model answer
The Cunda Kammaraputta Sutta describes purity of body as living with weapons laid down. The pure person is full of compassion for all living beings.
4
What is the history of pacifism in Buddhism?
Model answer
Pacifism has been part of Buddhism since the Buddha taught non-violence in the fifth century BCE. The Emperor Ashoka renounced war in the third century BCE after conquering Kalinga.
5
How did Ashoka put Buddhist non-violence into practice?
Model answer
Ashoka replaced conquest by force with "conquest by Dhamma". Ashoka built hospitals, dug wells and sent out teachers of the Dhamma.
6
What is passive resistance?
Model answer
Passive resistance is opposing an unjust ruler or law by non-violent means. Protesters refuse to co-operate but do not use force.

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