Why do Jews hope to say the Shema before death?

The Shema is traditionally the last words a Jew says before dying, affirming faith in the one God. Many Jewish martyrs died reciting the Shema.

The Amidah, “the standing prayer”, is the central prayer of every Jewish service. The prayer is also called the Shemoneh Esreh, meaning eighteen, after its original blessings.

How is the Amidah said?

Jews say the Amidah silently while standing with feet together, facing Jerusalem. Worshippers take three steps forward at the start and three steps back at the end.

Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies B 1RB0

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Topic overview Catholic responses to the origins and value of the universe The sanctity of life in Catholic teaching Catholic responses to evolution and survival of the fittest Catholic teaching on abortion Catholic arguments for life after death Catholic responses to arguments against life after death Catholic teaching on euthanasia and hospice care Catholic responses to the environment and animal rights

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Christianity: Living the Christian LifeAny paper

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Topic overview The purpose of marriage for Christians Christian teachings on sexual relationships The purpose of the Christian family How the local church supports Christian families Christian attitudes to contraception and family planning Christian attitudes to divorce and remarriage Men and women in the Christian family Christian responses to gender prejudice and discrimination

Christianity: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Christian responses to the Big Bang and the value of the universe The sanctity of life in Christian teaching Christian responses to evolution and the origins of human life Christian attitudes to abortion Christian arguments for life after death Christian responses to non-religious arguments against life after death Christian attitudes to euthanasia and hospice care Christian responses to environmental issues and animal rights

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Topic overview Christian attitudes to peace and Jesus as a peacemaker Christian peacemaking and the work of Pax Christi Christian attitudes to conflict and its causes Christian pacifism, passive resistance and Martin Luther King Christian attitudes to the Just War theory Christian attitudes to Holy War Christian attitudes to weapons of mass destruction Christian responses to violence, war and terrorism

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Topic overview Revelation as evidence for God in Christianity Visions as evidence for God in Christianity Miracles as evidence for God in Christianity Religious experience and the burning bush Answered prayer as evidence for God The design argument and Christian belief The cosmological argument and Aquinas's First Three Ways Religious upbringing and belief in God

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Islam: Marriage and the FamilyPaper 1

Topic overview The purpose of marriage in Islam Muslim teaching on sexual relationships The purpose of the family in Islam How the ummah supports Muslim families Muslim attitudes to contraception Muslim teaching on divorce and remarriage Men and women in the Muslim family Muslim teaching on gender prejudice and discrimination

Islam: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Muslim teaching on the origins and value of the universe The sanctity of life in Islam Muslim responses to evolution and scientific views of human life Muslim attitudes to abortion Muslim responses to arguments for life after death Muslim responses to arguments against life after death Muslim attitudes to euthanasia Muslim responses to issues in the natural world

Islam: Crime and PunishmentPaper 2

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Islam: Peace and ConflictPaper 2

Topic overview Muslim attitudes to peace Muslims and peacemaking Muslim attitudes to conflict Muslim responses to pacifism Just war theory and Islam Holy war and Islam Muslim attitudes to weapons of mass destruction Muslim responses to violence, war and terrorism

Islam: Philosophy of ReligionPaper 3

Topic overview Revelation as proof of the existence of Allah Visions and the existence of Allah Miracles and the existence of Allah Muslim attitudes to religious experience The design argument in Islam The cosmological argument and al-Ghazali's kalam Suffering and Allah as compassionate Muslim responses to the problem of suffering

Islam: EqualityPaper 3

Topic overview Muslim teaching on human rights Muslim attitudes to equality Muslim attitudes to religious freedom Muslim attitudes to prejudice and discrimination Muslim teaching on racial harmony Muslim responses to racial discrimination and Malcolm X Muslim attitudes to social justice Muslim attitudes to wealth and poverty

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Topic overview Buddhist meditation: samatha, metta bhavana, vipassana and zazen Buddhist chanting Mantra recitation, mala beads and offerings Buddhist places of worship: temples, viharas and gompas Buddharupas and other objects of devotion Buddhist puja in the vihara and the home Buddhist death and mourning rituals Buddhist festivals and retreats

Buddhism: Marriage and the FamilyPaper 1

Topic overview The purpose of marriage in Buddhism Buddhist teaching on sexual relationships The Buddhist family and its purpose How the Buddhist sangha supports families Buddhist attitudes to contraception Buddhist attitudes to divorce and remarriage Men and women in the Buddhist family Buddhism, gender prejudice and discrimination

Buddhism: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Buddhist teaching on the origins and value of the universe The sanctity of life in Buddhism Buddhist responses to evolution and survival of the fittest Buddhist attitudes to abortion Buddhist teaching on death, rebirth and the afterlife Buddhist responses to arguments against life after death Buddhist attitudes to euthanasia and hospice care Buddhist responses to the environment and animal rights

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Topic overview Buddhist attitudes to justice Buddhist attitudes to crime and its causes Buddhist teaching on good, evil and suffering Buddhist attitudes to punishment Buddhism and the aims of punishment Buddhist teaching on forgiveness and restorative justice Buddhist teaching on the treatment of criminals Buddhist attitudes to the death penalty

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Buddhism: Philosophy of ReligionPaper 3

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Hinduism: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Hindu responses to the origins and value of the universe Hindu teachings on the sanctity of life Hindu responses to evolution and the origins of human life Hindu attitudes to abortion Hindu teachings and arguments about life after death Hindu responses to non-religious arguments against life after death Hindu attitudes to euthanasia Hindu responses to the natural world and animal rights

Hinduism: Crime and PunishmentPaper 2

Topic overview Hindu attitudes to justice Hindu attitudes to crime and its causes Hindu teachings on good, evil and suffering Hindu attitudes to punishment: danda and prayascitta Hindu attitudes to the aims of punishment Hindu teachings on forgiveness and restorative justice Hindu teachings on the treatment of criminals Hindu attitudes to the death penalty

Hinduism: Peace and ConflictPaper 2

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Hinduism: EqualityPaper 3

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Judaism: Jewish BeliefsAny paper

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Judaism: Living the Jewish LifeAny paper

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Topic overview The purpose of marriage in Judaism Jewish teachings on sexual relationships The purpose of the Jewish family How the Jewish community supports families Jewish attitudes to contraception and family planning Jewish teachings on divorce and remarriage Men and women in the Jewish family Judaism and gender prejudice

Judaism: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

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Judaism: Crime and PunishmentPaper 2

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Topic overview Jewish teachings on peace Jewish peacemaking Jewish attitudes to conflict Judaism, pacifism and passive resistance Milchemet reshut and Just War in Judaism Milchemet mitzvah and Holy War in Judaism Jewish attitudes to weapons of mass destruction Judaism, violence, war and terrorism

Judaism: Religious ExperiencePaper 3

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Judaism: EqualityPaper 3

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Sikhism: Sikh BeliefsAny paper

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Sikhism: Living the Sikh LifeAny paper

Topic overview Features of the gurdwara The role of the gurdwara and the Harmandir Sahib The history and purpose of langar Nam Japna: meditating on the name of God Sikh prayer in the home The akhand path Gurpurbs and Sikh commemorations Sikh birth, naming and Amrit ceremonies

Sikhism: Marriage and the FamilyPaper 1

Topic overview The purpose of marriage in Sikhism Sikh teaching on sexual relationships The purpose of the Sikh family How the sangat supports Sikh families Sikh attitudes to contraception Sikh attitudes to divorce and remarriage Men and women in the Sikh family Sikh opposition to gender prejudice

Sikhism: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Sikh responses to the origins and value of the universe Sikh teaching on the sanctity of life Sikh responses to evolution Sikh attitudes to abortion Sikh responses to arguments for life after death Sikh responses to arguments against life after death Sikh attitudes to euthanasia Sikh responses to the natural world and animal rights

Sikhism: Crime and PunishmentPaper 2

Topic overview Sikh attitudes to justice Sikh attitudes to crime and the Five Thieves Sikh teaching on good, evil and suffering Sikh attitudes to punishment Sikh views on the aims of punishment Sikh teaching on forgiveness Sikh teaching on the treatment of criminals Sikh attitudes to the death penalty

Sikhism: Peace and ConflictPaper 2

Topic overview Sikh teaching on peace Sikhs and peacemaking Sikh attitudes to conflict Sikh attitudes to pacifism and passive resistance Dharam Yudh: the Sikh Just War The saint-soldier and Sikh views on holy war Sikh attitudes to weapons of mass destruction Sikh responses to violence, war and terrorism

Sikhism: Philosophy of ReligionPaper 3

Topic overview Gurbani and Guru Nanak's revelation at the river Visions and mystical experiences in Sikhism Numinous experience, vismaad and enlightenment in Sikhism Miracles and Sikh belief Sikh attitudes to religious experience The design argument and Sikh belief The cosmological argument and Sikh belief A Sikh upbringing and belief in God

Sikhism: EqualityPaper 3

Topic overview Sikh teaching on human rights Sikh attitudes to equality and solutions to inequality Sikh attitudes to religious freedom and a multi-faith society Sikh attitudes to prejudice and discrimination against religions Sikh teaching on racial harmony and Begampura Sikh responses to racial discrimination Sikh attitudes to social justice and Deg Tegh Fateh Sikh attitudes to wealth and poverty

Judaism: Living the Jewish Life

The Shema, the Amidah and the mezuzah

3 things to know
Any of the three papers

Overview

The passages that make up the Shema and when it is said, saying it before death, the Amidah's structure and its Shabbat form, how a mezuzah is used, and Jesus' use of the Shema.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What are the opening words of the Shema in Deuteronomy 6:4?

Key term

Which three Torah passages make up the Shema?

Key term

When do Jews recite the Shema, and why at those times?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What are the opening words of the Shema in Deuteronomy 6:4?
Model answer
The Shema begins, “Hear, O Israel: the Lord is our God, the Lord is One”. The verse declares that God is one.
2
Which three Torah passages make up the Shema?
Model answer
The Shema is made of Deuteronomy 6:4–9, Deuteronomy 11:13–21 and Numbers 15:37–41.
3
When do Jews recite the Shema, and why at those times?
Model answer
Jews recite the Shema in the morning and evening services and at bedtime. Deuteronomy 6:7 commands speaking these words “when you lie down and when you rise up”.
4
Why do Jews hope to say the Shema before death?
Model answer
The Shema is traditionally the last words a Jew says before dying, affirming faith in the one God. Many Jewish martyrs died reciting the Shema.
5
What is the Amidah?
Model answer
The Amidah, “the standing prayer”, is the central prayer of every Jewish service. The prayer is also called the Shemoneh Esreh, meaning eighteen, after its original blessings.
6
How is the Amidah said?
Model answer
Jews say the Amidah silently while standing with feet together, facing Jerusalem. Worshippers take three steps forward at the start and three steps back at the end.

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The Shema, the Amidah and the mezuzah

Overview

What you need to know

What are the opening words of the Shema in Deuteronomy 6:4?

Which three Torah passages make up the Shema?

When do Jews recite the Shema, and why at those times?

Questions from this subtopic

What are the opening words of the Shema in Deuteronomy 6:4?

Which three Torah passages make up the Shema?

When do Jews recite the Shema, and why at those times?

Why do Jews hope to say the Shema before death?

What is the Amidah?

How is the Amidah said?

Other ways to work this

What is inside Levo

The 3-step method, run for you

Cram a whole paper in one sitting

Blank Blitz makes facts automatic

Build It gets the exam shape right

Test It catches misconceptions

Brain Breaks between sessions

Every question in Judaism: Living the Jewish Life, on a schedule.