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Islam: Matters of Life and Death

Muslim attitudes to euthanasia

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

Active and passive, voluntary and non-voluntary, Surah 2:153 to 156 for the terminally ill, the value of suffering at life's end, withdrawing treatment, hospice care, Humanist arguments, and a Muslim doctor's response.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Why do most Muslims oppose euthanasia, and what does Surah 2:155–156 teach?

Key term

How do Muslims distinguish active from passive euthanasia?

Key term

What is the difference between voluntary and non-voluntary euthanasia?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    How do Muslims distinguish active from passive euthanasia?

    Model answer

    Active euthanasia deliberately ends a life, which Muslims regard as murder. Passive euthanasia withdraws treatment, which many Muslims allow when treatment is futile.

  2. 2

    What is the difference between voluntary and non-voluntary euthanasia?

    Model answer

    Voluntary euthanasia happens at the patient's own request. Non-voluntary euthanasia happens when the patient cannot ask, such as someone in a coma.

  3. 3

    Why do most Muslims oppose euthanasia?

    Model answer

    Most Muslims believe only Allah decides the time of death. Ending a life early, even out of mercy, is seen as taking Allah's role.

  4. 4

    What does Surah 2:155–156 teach that is relevant to euthanasia?

    Model answer

    Surah 2:155 says Allah tests people with fear, hunger and loss of life. Believers respond, 'We belong to Allah and to him we return'.

  5. 5

    How does Surah 2:153 guide Muslims facing terminal illness?

    Model answer

    Surah 2:153 tells believers to seek help through patience and prayer, for Allah is with the patient. Muslims believe illness borne patiently is rewarded.

  6. 6

    Why do some Muslims believe suffering at the end of life has value?

    Model answer

    A hadith teaches that no hardship befalls a Muslim without Allah removing some of their sins. Suffering can purify the soul before death.

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