How did Gandhi make pacifism a political force?

Gandhi showed that mass non-violent action could resist an empire. Gandhi's campaigns helped India win independence in 1947.

What is Gandhi's satyagraha?

Satyagraha means truth-force, or holding firmly to truth. Satyagraha resists injustice by non-violent means, accepting suffering rather than causing it.

When and where did Gandhi develop satyagraha?

Gandhi developed satyagraha in South Africa, where he campaigned from 1906 against laws discriminating against Indians.

Why did Gandhi reject the term passive resistance?

Gandhi thought passive resistance sounded weak and could allow hatred. Satyagraha is active, rooted in love and truth.

How might a Hindu pacifist use Rig Veda 10.191.4?

The verse hopes for hearts and minds united in one resolve. A pacifist argues that such unity comes by persuasion and love, never by force.

Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies B 1RB0

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Hinduism: Peace and Conflict

Hindu attitudes to pacifism and satyagraha

3 things to know
Paper 2

Overview

Gandhi's pacifism as a political force, where and when satyagraha began, why he rejected the term passive resistance, its methods, Rig Veda 10.191.4, Hindu nationalist criticism, and its influence beyond Hinduism.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Numbers

What is satyagraha, and how did Gandhi develop it?

Key term

How might Hindus use Rig Veda 10.191.4 and Gandhi's methods to argue for complete pacifism, and why do some reject it?

Key term

What is pacifism, and how do many Hindus relate to it?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is pacifism, and how do many Hindus relate to it?
Model answer
Pacifism is the belief that war and violence are always wrong. Many Hindus admire pacifism because it follows ahimsa.
2
How did Gandhi make pacifism a political force?
Model answer
Gandhi showed that mass non-violent action could resist an empire. Gandhi's campaigns helped India win independence in 1947.
3
What is Gandhi's satyagraha?
Model answer
Satyagraha means truth-force, or holding firmly to truth. Satyagraha resists injustice by non-violent means, accepting suffering rather than causing it.
4
When and where did Gandhi develop satyagraha?
Model answer
Gandhi developed satyagraha in South Africa, where he campaigned from 1906 against laws discriminating against Indians.
5
Why did Gandhi reject the term passive resistance?
Model answer
Gandhi thought passive resistance sounded weak and could allow hatred. Satyagraha is active, rooted in love and truth.
6
How might a Hindu pacifist use Rig Veda 10.191.4?
Model answer
The verse hopes for hearts and minds united in one resolve. A pacifist argues that such unity comes by persuasion and love, never by force.

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