Brit Milah is the covenant of circumcision, performed by a trained mohel on a boy's eighth day. The baby is held by the sandek and given his Hebrew name.

How does Leviticus 12 support circumcision on the eighth day?

Leviticus 12:3 commands that a baby boy be circumcised on the eighth day. Jews keep this day even when it falls on Shabbat.

What does Leviticus 12 teach about a mother after childbirth, and how is it applied today?

Leviticus 12 sets a period of ritual impurity for a mother after birth, ended by an offering. Orthodox women today mark its end by immersing in a mikveh.

How do Jewish families welcome a baby girl?

A baby girl is named in the synagogue when her father is called to the Torah. Many families also hold a simchat bat, a celebration for a daughter.

Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies B 1RB0

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Catholic Christianity: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Catholic responses to the origins and value of the universe The sanctity of life in Catholic teaching Catholic responses to evolution and survival of the fittest Catholic teaching on abortion Catholic arguments for life after death Catholic responses to arguments against life after death Catholic teaching on euthanasia and hospice care Catholic responses to the environment and animal rights

Catholic Christianity: Crime and PunishmentPaper 2

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Catholic Christianity: Philosophy of ReligionPaper 3

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Christianity: Living the Christian LifeAny paper

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Christianity: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Christian responses to the Big Bang and the value of the universe The sanctity of life in Christian teaching Christian responses to evolution and the origins of human life Christian attitudes to abortion Christian arguments for life after death Christian responses to non-religious arguments against life after death Christian attitudes to euthanasia and hospice care Christian responses to environmental issues and animal rights

Christianity: Crime and PunishmentPaper 2

Topic overview Christian attitudes to justice Christian attitudes to crime and the work of Prison Fellowship and Street Pastors Christian teachings about good actions, evil actions and why people suffer Christian attitudes to punishment and Luke 12:35–48 Christian attitudes to the aims of punishment Christian teachings on forgiveness and restorative justice Christian attitudes to the treatment of criminals Christian attitudes to the death penalty

Christianity: Peace and ConflictPaper 2

Topic overview Christian attitudes to peace and Jesus as a peacemaker Christian peacemaking and the work of Pax Christi Christian attitudes to conflict and its causes Christian pacifism, passive resistance and Martin Luther King Christian attitudes to the Just War theory Christian attitudes to Holy War Christian attitudes to weapons of mass destruction Christian responses to violence, war and terrorism

Christianity: Philosophy of ReligionPaper 3

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Islam: Marriage and the FamilyPaper 1

Topic overview The purpose of marriage in Islam Muslim teaching on sexual relationships The purpose of the family in Islam How the ummah supports Muslim families Muslim attitudes to contraception Muslim teaching on divorce and remarriage Men and women in the Muslim family Muslim teaching on gender prejudice and discrimination

Islam: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Muslim teaching on the origins and value of the universe The sanctity of life in Islam Muslim responses to evolution and scientific views of human life Muslim attitudes to abortion Muslim responses to arguments for life after death Muslim responses to arguments against life after death Muslim attitudes to euthanasia Muslim responses to issues in the natural world

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Islam: Philosophy of ReligionPaper 3

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Buddhism: Buddhist BeliefsAny paper

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Buddhism: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Buddhist teaching on the origins and value of the universe The sanctity of life in Buddhism Buddhist responses to evolution and survival of the fittest Buddhist attitudes to abortion Buddhist teaching on death, rebirth and the afterlife Buddhist responses to arguments against life after death Buddhist attitudes to euthanasia and hospice care Buddhist responses to the environment and animal rights

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Hinduism: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Hindu responses to the origins and value of the universe Hindu teachings on the sanctity of life Hindu responses to evolution and the origins of human life Hindu attitudes to abortion Hindu teachings and arguments about life after death Hindu responses to non-religious arguments against life after death Hindu attitudes to euthanasia Hindu responses to the natural world and animal rights

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Topic overview Hindu attitudes to justice Hindu attitudes to crime and its causes Hindu teachings on good, evil and suffering Hindu attitudes to punishment: danda and prayascitta Hindu attitudes to the aims of punishment Hindu teachings on forgiveness and restorative justice Hindu teachings on the treatment of criminals Hindu attitudes to the death penalty

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Topic overview The purpose of marriage in Judaism Jewish teachings on sexual relationships The purpose of the Jewish family How the Jewish community supports families Jewish attitudes to contraception and family planning Jewish teachings on divorce and remarriage Men and women in the Jewish family Judaism and gender prejudice

Judaism: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Judaism, science and the origins of the universe The value of life in the Tenakh Jewish responses to evolution Jewish attitudes to abortion Jewish arguments for life after death Jewish responses to arguments against life after death Jewish attitudes to euthanasia Judaism and the environment

Judaism: Crime and PunishmentPaper 2

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Judaism: Religious ExperiencePaper 3

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Judaism: EqualityPaper 3

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Sikhism: Marriage and the FamilyPaper 1

Topic overview The purpose of marriage in Sikhism Sikh teaching on sexual relationships The purpose of the Sikh family How the sangat supports Sikh families Sikh attitudes to contraception Sikh attitudes to divorce and remarriage Men and women in the Sikh family Sikh opposition to gender prejudice

Sikhism: Matters of Life and DeathPaper 1

Topic overview Sikh responses to the origins and value of the universe Sikh teaching on the sanctity of life Sikh responses to evolution Sikh attitudes to abortion Sikh responses to arguments for life after death Sikh responses to arguments against life after death Sikh attitudes to euthanasia Sikh responses to the natural world and animal rights

Sikhism: Crime and PunishmentPaper 2

Topic overview Sikh attitudes to justice Sikh attitudes to crime and the Five Thieves Sikh teaching on good, evil and suffering Sikh attitudes to punishment Sikh views on the aims of punishment Sikh teaching on forgiveness Sikh teaching on the treatment of criminals Sikh attitudes to the death penalty

Sikhism: Peace and ConflictPaper 2

Topic overview Sikh teaching on peace Sikhs and peacemaking Sikh attitudes to conflict Sikh attitudes to pacifism and passive resistance Dharam Yudh: the Sikh Just War The saint-soldier and Sikh views on holy war Sikh attitudes to weapons of mass destruction Sikh responses to violence, war and terrorism

Sikhism: Philosophy of ReligionPaper 3

Topic overview Gurbani and Guru Nanak's revelation at the river Visions and mystical experiences in Sikhism Numinous experience, vismaad and enlightenment in Sikhism Miracles and Sikh belief Sikh attitudes to religious experience The design argument and Sikh belief The cosmological argument and Sikh belief A Sikh upbringing and belief in God

Sikhism: EqualityPaper 3

Topic overview Sikh teaching on human rights Sikh attitudes to equality and solutions to inequality Sikh attitudes to religious freedom and a multi-faith society Sikh attitudes to prejudice and discrimination against religions Sikh teaching on racial harmony and Begampura Sikh responses to racial discrimination Sikh attitudes to social justice and Deg Tegh Fateh Sikh attitudes to wealth and poverty

Judaism: Living the Jewish Life

Jewish rituals of birth, coming of age, marriage and mourning

3 things to know
Any of the three papers

Overview

Brit Milah with Genesis 17, Genesis 21 and Leviticus 12, welcoming a baby girl, Bar and Bat Mitzvah, the chuppah and ketubah, the funeral, shiva, avelut and yahrzeit, and Orthodox and Reform differences.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What is Brit Milah?

Key term

Why do Jews link Brit Milah to Genesis 17?

Key term

What does Genesis 21:1–8 describe?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is Brit Milah?
Model answer
Brit Milah is the covenant of circumcision, performed by a trained mohel on a boy's eighth day. The baby is held by the sandek and given his Hebrew name.
2
Why do Jews link Brit Milah to Genesis 17?
Model answer
Genesis 17 records the Almighty commanding Abraham to circumcise every male as the sign of the covenant. Brit Milah admits each Jewish boy into that covenant.
3
What does Genesis 21:1–8 describe?
Model answer
Sarah gives birth to Isaac in her old age, as the Almighty promised. Abraham circumcises Isaac at eight days old and later holds a great feast when Isaac is weaned.
4
How does Leviticus 12 support circumcision on the eighth day?
Model answer
Leviticus 12:3 commands that a baby boy be circumcised on the eighth day. Jews keep this day even when it falls on Shabbat.
5
What does Leviticus 12 teach about a mother after childbirth, and how is it applied today?
Model answer
Leviticus 12 sets a period of ritual impurity for a mother after birth, ended by an offering. Orthodox women today mark its end by immersing in a mikveh.
6
How do Jewish families welcome a baby girl?
Model answer
A baby girl is named in the synagogue when her father is called to the Torah. Many families also hold a simchat bat, a celebration for a daughter.

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