What does Surah 4:135 teach about justice?

Surah 4:135 commands believers to stand firm for justice as witnesses for Allah. Muslims must be just even against themselves, their parents or relatives.

How does Surah 4:135 apply to rich and poor?

Surah 4:135 says a witness must be fair whether a person is rich or poor. Allah has the greater claim on both, so favouritism is forbidden.

Why is justice important for Muslims?

Allah is just and commands justice, so Muslims who act justly obey him. Justice protects the weak and keeps society at peace.

How does belief in the Day of Judgement shape Muslim views of justice?

Muslims believe perfect justice will be done by Allah on the Last Day. Human courts should reflect that justice as closely as they can.

Why do Muslims believe justice is important for victims?

Victims deserve to see wrongdoers held to account and their losses restored. Islamic law gives victims or their families a direct voice in punishment.

Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies B 1RB0

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Islam: Crime and Punishment

8 subtopics
24 things to know
Paper 2
Paper 2, Religion, Peace and Conflict, for the religion studied in this area. Two of the three areas are taken, each through a different religion

What Islam: Crime and Punishment covers

Islam: Crime and Punishment is examined in Paper 2, Area of Study 2: Religion, Peace and Conflict, if Islam is the religion studied for that area. It covers Muslim attitudes to justice, Muslim attitudes to crime, Muslim teaching on good, evil and suffering, Muslim attitudes to punishment, Muslim attitudes to the aims of punishment, Muslim teaching on forgiveness, Muslim teaching on the treatment of criminals and Muslim attitudes to the death penalty.

Where it is assessed

Paper 2

Area of Study 2, Religion, Peace and Conflict, if this is the religion studied for that area.

Check the Pearson Edexcel specification ↗

The 8 subtopics

Each one has its own page.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Why is justice important to Muslims, and how does the Day of Judgement shape it?

Key term

Why do Humanists value justice, and how do Muslims respond to their view?

Key term

What do Surah 4:26–30 teach about Allah's mercy and about punishment?

Key term

How do Muslims understand the nature of crime?

Key term

What do Muslims teach about the nature of good actions?

Key term

Why do Muslims believe punishment is needed in society?

Key term

What do Muslims teach about the nature of forgiveness?

Key term

What does Surah 76:8 teach about the treatment of prisoners?

Who and when

What is the purpose of capital punishment, according to its Muslim supporters?

Key term

What does Surah 16:90 teach that relates to crime?

Key term

How are good actions rewarded in Islam?

Key term

Why can punishment be regarded as justice in Islam?

Key term

What is the aim of protection in punishment, and how do Muslims view it?

Key term

What does Surah 64:14 teach about forgiveness?

Key term

What does Surah 76:9–10 teach about the motive for helping others?

Key term

What does Sahih Muslim 16:4152 teach?

Key term

What does justice mean in Islam?

Key term

What does Surah 16:91–92 teach?

Key term

What do Muslims teach about the nature of evil actions?

Key term

What does Surah 2:178 teach about punishment for murder?

Key term

What is retribution, and how do Muslims view it?

Key term

Why is forgiveness important for Muslims?

Key term

How do interpretations of Surah 76 shape Muslim prison work?

Key term

Why do many Muslims support the death penalty for murder?

Take Islam: Crime and Punishment further

The same content, four other ways.

Commonly confused

Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.

Qisas vs Diyah
Qisas: equal retribution for murder or injury. Diyah: compensation paid to a victim's family instead of retaliation.
Hudud vs Ta'zir
Hudud: fixed punishments set by the Qur'an or Sunnah for specific crimes. Ta'zir: punishments left to a judge's discretion.
Retribution vs Deterrence
Retribution: making an offender pay for what they have done. Deterrence: punishing to put others off committing crime.

Questions from this topic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What does justice mean in Islam?
Model answer
Justice ('adl) means treating people fairly and giving each person what they are due. Al-'Adl, the Just, is one of the names of Allah.
2
What does Surah 4:135 teach about justice?
Model answer
Surah 4:135 commands believers to stand firm for justice as witnesses for Allah. Muslims must be just even against themselves, their parents or relatives.
3
How does Surah 4:135 apply to rich and poor?
Model answer
Surah 4:135 says a witness must be fair whether a person is rich or poor. Allah has the greater claim on both, so favouritism is forbidden.
4
Why is justice important for Muslims?
Model answer
Allah is just and commands justice, so Muslims who act justly obey him. Justice protects the weak and keeps society at peace.
5
How does belief in the Day of Judgement shape Muslim views of justice?
Model answer
Muslims believe perfect justice will be done by Allah on the Last Day. Human courts should reflect that justice as closely as they can.
6
Why do Muslims believe justice is important for victims?
Model answer
Victims deserve to see wrongdoers held to account and their losses restored. Islamic law gives victims or their families a direct voice in punishment.

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Islam: Crime and Punishment revision questions

What does Islam: Crime and Punishment cover in Edexcel GCSE Religious Studies B?: 8 subtopics: muslim attitudes to justice, muslim attitudes to crime, muslim teaching on good, evil and suffering, muslim attitudes to punishment, muslim attitudes to the aims of punishment, muslim teaching on forgiveness, muslim teaching on the treatment of criminals and muslim attitudes to the death penalty. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
How is Islam: Crime and Punishment organised?: By the Edexcel 1RB0 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.

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