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Hinduism: Religious Figures and Sacred Texts

The origins of Hinduism and vedic sources of authority

  • 3 things to know
  • AS Unit 1

Overview

Three features of Indus Valley cities that show careful planning, great Bath at Mohenjo-daro and main reason why conclusions about Indus Valley religion remain provisional.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Which two cities are the best known sites of the Indus Valley civilisation?

Numbers

Give the approximate dates of the mature phase of the Indus Valley civilisation.

Key term

Name three features of Indus Valley cities that show careful planning.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Which two cities are the best known sites of the Indus Valley civilisation?

    Model answer

    Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, in the Indus basin of what is now Pakistan.

  2. 2

    Give the approximate dates of the mature phase of the Indus Valley civilisation.

    Model answer

    Roughly 2600 to 1900 BCE.

  3. 3

    Name three features of Indus Valley cities that show careful planning.

    Model answer

    Streets laid out on a grid, standardised baked bricks, and covered drainage running from the houses.

  4. 4

    What is the Great Bath at Mohenjo-daro, and why do scholars of Hinduism take an interest in it?

    Model answer

    It is a large watertight brick tank, and many scholars read it as evidence of ritual bathing, a practice that remains central to Hindu worship.

  5. 5

    Why is the so-called Pashupati seal important to the origins debate?

    Model answer

    It shows a horned figure seated in what looks like a yogic posture among animals, which Sir John Marshall identified as a forerunner of Shiva, although the identification is widely disputed.

  6. 6

    State the main reason why conclusions about Indus Valley religion remain provisional.

    Model answer

    The Indus script has never been deciphered, so every interpretation rests on objects and images rather than on anything the people themselves wrote.

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